冥觀人文學 Meditative Humanities

Session I · 公案 · 冥觀人文學 Session I · Kōan · Meditative Humanities

百丈野鴨 Baizhang's Wild Duck
Blue Cliff Record · 碧巖錄 · Case 53 Blue Cliff Record · 碧巖錄 · Case 53
馬祖與百丈行次，見野鴨子飛過。
馬祖曰：「是什麼？」百丈曰：「野鴨子。」
馬祖曰：「甚處去也？」百丈曰：「飛過去也。」
馬祖便把百丈鼻頭，扭之。百丈作痛聲。
馬祖曰：「又道飛過去也。」 Mazu and Baizhang were walking when they saw wild ducks fly past.
Mazu asked: "What is that?" Baizhang replied: "Wild ducks."
Mazu asked: "Where did they go?" Baizhang replied: "They flew away."
Mazu grabbed Baizhang's nose and twisted it. Baizhang cried out in pain.
Mazu said: "And yet you say they flew away."

注意力真的飛走了嗎——
還是你只是以為它離開了？ Did attention really fly away —
or did you only believe it had left?

本系統包含六個模組，約 30 分鐘。
請為自己保留這段時間——不要多工，不要切換。 Six modules. Approximately 30 minutes.
Reserve this time for yourself — no multitasking, no switching.

Bogard · Doolan · Han Byung-Chul · Bishop Bogard · Doolan · Han Byung-Chul · Bishop

I · 野鴨是如何被捕獲的 I · How the Wild Duck Gets Captured

百丈說「飛過去了」——但公案指出，野鴨從未真正離開。
那麼，是什麼讓我們以為它飛走了？
以下是十二種使注意力相信自己已經逃逸的系統性力量。
勾選你這週親身經歷過的。 Baizhang said "they flew away" — but the kōan insists they never left.
What, then, makes us believe our attention has gone?
Below are twelve systemic forces that convince attention it has escaped.
Check those you have experienced this week.

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百丈說：「飛過去也。」
（你也這麼說嗎？） Baizhang said: "They flew away."
Do you say the same?
「螢幕既是完美的逃亡裝置，也是完美的捕獲裝置——它透過移除我們身體的多餘部分，讓我們『釋放』並整合進媒體之中。」
百丈以為飛走了。螢幕正是那隻看不見的手。 "The screen is both a perfect escape device and a perfect capture device — it releases us by stripping away the excess of our bodies and integrating us into the medium."
Baizhang thought they flew away. The screen is the invisible hand. — Paul Bogard, Distraction and Digital Culture
「資訊的豐饒創造了注意力的貧乏。」
越多野鴨飛過，越難看清任何一隻。 "A wealth of information creates a poverty of attention."
The more wild ducks fly past, the harder it is to see any one of them. — Herbert Simon, 1971 · cited in Doolan
「我們尋求消遣與分心，其實是為了逃避無聊以及對死亡的恐懼。」
百丈說「飛過去了」——其實是在迴避馬祖的問題：你在哪裡？ "We seek diversion and distraction to escape boredom and the fear of death."
Baizhang said "they flew away" — to evade Mazu's real question: where are you? — Blaise Pascal, Pensées · cited in Doolan

公案的洞見：我們說注意力「飛走了」，
往往是為了迴避一個更難受的事實——它從未離開。
承認這一點，是進入下一層的門檻。 The kōan's insight: we say attention "flew away"
to avoid a more unsettling truth — it never left.
Acknowledging this is the threshold into what follows.

III · 扭鼻之後——停留在這裡 III · After the Nose Twist — Stay Here

05:00

馬祖扭了百丈的鼻子。百丈大叫。
那一聲叫喊就是答案——注意力從未離開。
現在，停留在那個叫喊之後的沉默裡。 Mazu twisted Baizhang's nose. Baizhang cried out.
That cry was the answer — attention never left.
Now, stay in the silence after that cry.

「無聊是孵化經驗之卵的夢之鳥。只要鬧聲趕走了牠，蛋便無從孵化。」
馬祖沉默，是為了讓百丈的覺知自己孵化。 "Boredom is the dream bird that hatches the egg of experience. A rustling in the leaves drives him away."
Mazu's silence allowed Baizhang's awareness to hatch on its own. — Walter Benjamin · cited in Han Byung-Chul, The Burnout Society
「所有的庸俗都來自於無法抵抗刺激、必須立刻反應的無能。」
百丈說「飛過去了」，就是這種無能——立刻用概念回應了存在的直接性。 "All vulgarity comes from the inability to resist a stimulus — the compulsion to react immediately."
Baizhang's "they flew away" was exactly this — immediately conceptualizing the immediacy of existence. — Friedrich Nietzsche · cited in Doolan

IV · 不說「飛過去也」· Elizabeth Bishop〈The Fish〉 IV · Not Saying "They Flew Away" · Elizabeth Bishop, "The Fish"

Doolan 引用此詩作為「神聖注意力」的典範。
Bishop 沒有說「魚游走了」。她凝視著，凝視著——
這就是百丈若沒有急著回答「飛過去了」，可能發生的事。
請放慢速度，逐行閱讀。 Doolan invokes this poem as a paradigm of sacred attention.
Bishop did not say "the fish swam away." She stared and stared —
this is what might have happened if Baizhang had not rushed to say "they flew away."
Read slowly. Line by line.

「我凝視著，凝視著——勝利充滿了那艘小船，
直到一切都是彩虹、彩虹、彩虹！然後我放了那條魚。」

你上一次真正凝視某事物或某人是什麼時候？那種凝視為你揭示了什麼？ "I stared and stared / and victory filled up / the little rented boat…
until everything was rainbow, rainbow, rainbow! / And I let the fish go."

When did you last truly attend to something — or someone — without seeking to extract anything from it? What did that attention reveal?

V · 神聖凝視 V · The Sacred Gaze

「將全部的注意力給予他者，是一種愛與祈禱的形式。在這種神聖的注意力中，充滿慾望的『我』將會消失。」 "To give another person our full attention is a form of love and prayer. In this sacred attention, the desiring 'I' disappears." — Simone Weil · cited in Doolan
「愛的能力，也就是看見的能力——靈魂從幻象中解放，正是透過這種能力發生的。」 "It is the capacity to love, that is, to see, that the liberation of the soul from fantasy occurs." — Iris Murdoch · cited in Doolan

課堂練習 · IN-CLASS EXERCISE

轉頭凝視旁邊的同學，或盯著前方一個點。
不發一語，不帶任何意圖。兩分鐘。 Turn and gaze at a classmate, or fix your eyes on a single point.
In silence, without intention. Two minutes.

注意力從未離開 Attention Never Left
百丈野鴨 · 公案的答案 Baizhang's Wild Duck · The Kōan's Answer
百丈說：「飛過去也。」
馬祖扭了他的鼻子。
百丈叫了起來。

馬祖說：「何曾飛去？」

它從未離開。
你只是告訴自己：它飛走了。 Baizhang said: "They flew away."
Mazu twisted his nose.
Baizhang cried out.

Mazu said: "When did they ever fly away?"

It never left.
You only told yourself: it flew away. — 碧巖錄 第五十三則 · Blue Cliff Record, Case 53

今天，有哪一刻，你沒有急著說「飛過去了」？
那個時刻裡，你發現了什麼？
禪問：當一個聲音落下時，在你的意識裡，發生了什麼事？ Today — was there a moment you didn't rush to say "it flew away"?
In that moment, what did you find?
Zen question: When a sound falls — what happened inside your awareness?

Bogard · Doolan · Han Byung-Chul · Bishop
冥觀人文學 × Vimalakīrti Institute Meditative Humanities × Vimalakīrti Institute